Inferring Relative Permeability from Resistivity Well Logging free essay sample

Construing Relative Permeability from Resistivity Well Logging Introduction Permeability is an asset of a supple medium that quantifies the limit of a substance to transmit liquids. For the most part, penetrability that is applied in oil industry is consistent in Darcy’s stream condition which thinks about weight angle, stream rate and liquid properties. In any case, a development has penetrability notwithstanding if the liquid is streaming or not, and as result, a straight estimation of porousness requires a unique method as opposed to a static strategy. Previously, well logs have been utilized to rough porousness through relationships that is connected to a general logged property called porosity. Perm-porosity connections are shaped from inside and changes to well log porosity. As a rule, these connections are semilog in nature; that is in type of y = axb. Different connections attempt to inexact useful perm by including unchangeable oil immersion approximated from Archie’s condition and resistivity logs. We will compose a custom exposition test on Deducing Relative Permeability from Resistivity Well Logging or on the other hand any comparative theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Larger part of well logging situations are regularly in static states, where invasion of mud filtrate into the penetrable arrangements which finishes up after the well is logged. One of the critical components in geothermal store designing is steam-water relative porousness. In any case, it isn't simpler to quantify steam-water relative porousness because of stage change and mass exchange as weight changes. There are a few doctors who contended that steam-water relative porousness can be determined from the information of hairlike weight. This strategy gives a simpler and an efficient way to deal with get steam-water relative porousness when stood out from exploratory technique. The bad mark side of this technique is the need of estimating the steam-water hairlike weight that can devour a ton of time and furthermore been troublesome by and large. Thusly, it’s helpful for researchers and specialists to have a procedure so as to guess steam-water relative penetrability from resistivity data as it is simpler to figure and acquire the data of resistivity from well logging. Here is an investigation of a semianalytical model which is shaped so as to gather relative penetrability from resistivity data. The connection in between resistivity list and relative penetrability is determined along these lines. The hypothesis behind this is the relationship in between power stream in a conductive body and liquid stream in a permeable medium. Figuring of the wetting-stage relative penetrability: The conductance of a porous medium at a water immersion of 100% is: Ga = 1/Ro (1) Where Ro = the resistivity of a water immersion of 100% Ga = the conductance of a porous medium at a water immersion of 100% The conductance of a penetrable medium at a specific water immersion of S, is: Gw = 1/Ri (2) Where Ri = the resistivity Gw is the conductance at careful water immersion of Sw As noted from closeness hypothesis in between electric stream and liquid stream, the general penetrability of the wetting stage might be determined utilizing the accompanying condition: Krw = Gw = Ro = 1 (3) Ga Ri I Where I = resistivity file Krw = the overall porousness of the wetting stage. From Archie’s condition, the accompanying condition applies: I = Ri = (Sw)? n (4) Ro Where n = the Archie’s immersion type. At the point when water soak up to 100%, it is realized that I=1, in this way the estimation of Krw =0, which implies that (I) pushes toward boundlessness as noted from the third condition. Nonetheless, it is plainly realized that the worth (I) don’t push toward interminability at the remarkable water immersion. In this manner the estimation of Krw determined in the third condition is greater than zero, which isn’t unswerving with physical reconnaissance. Additionally, you can expect a more prominent worth when the overall penetrability of wetting stage is determined utilizing the third condition. This is on the grounds that that the resistivity tallies the normal volumetric properties of the pore bodies in a permeable medium though penetrability checks the properties of pore throats. This is the motivation behind why you can likewise get porosity through resistivity well logging however not porousness. For instance, the accompanying issue can be considered by adjusting condition 3 as follows: Krw = Sw †Swr 1 Swr I(5) Where Swr = the lingering immersion of the wetting stage. From condition 5, Krw = 1 at Sw = 100%, and Krw = 0 at Sw = Swr, which is sensible. The fifth condition can likewise be communicated as follows: Krw = Sw 1 (6) I Where Sw = the standardized immersion of the wetting stage and it’s communicated as follows: Sw = Sw †Swr (7) 1 Swr The overall penetrability of wetting stage can be determined utilizing the 6 condition from the resistivity list information soon the remaining immersion of wetting stage is acquired. You should take note of that the leftover immersion of the wetting stage might be gotten to from the exploratory estimation of resistivity. Computation of the nonwetting-stage relative penetrability The wetting-stage relative porousness can be determined utilizing the Purcell approach: Krw = (Sw) 2 + ? ? (8 Where ? = the pore size appropriation file and might be determined from the information of hairlike weight. Subsequent to acquiring the relative porousness bend of the wetting stage utilizing condition six, the estimation of ? might be gathered utilizing condition eight. The overall porousness of the nonwetting stage might be determined in the wake of getting the estimation of ?. the following is the condition: Kmw = (1 Sw)? 1-(Sw) 2 + ? ? It very well may be seen that the entire relative porousness set (wetting and nonwetting stages) may be construed from the information of resistivity record utilizing conditions six and nine. Determination A Darcy, the basic unit of penetrability in Petroleum Engineering, is characterized as the porousness that is required to stream 1 cc/s of a liquid of 1 cp a separation of 1 cm through a cross-sectional region of 1 sq. cm. with a weight drop of 1 atm. The watchword is â€Å"flow†. Thusly, by definition the estimation of penetrability must be dynamic. Despite the fact that a center without stream has an estimation of porousness, it not quantifiable without liquid stream. The relationships of porousness with porosity and water immersion are restricted in view of the bit of the permeable media that commands penetrability; porosity and water immersion are extraordinary. Penetrability is commanded by the littlest limitations to stream, the pore throats. Porosity and water immersion are ruled by the volume inside the pore bodies, not the pore throats. Henceforth, relationships for porousness are inalienably constrained when corresponding to porosity and water immersion or some other stone property that is unequivocally affected by any piece of the permeable media other than the pore throat ( Lehr and Lehr, 2000). Work Cited American Institute of Mining, Technology and Engineering, University of California, 2010. Jay H. Lehr and Janet K. Lehr, Environmental science, Health and Technology, New York: Macmillan Press. National Petroleum Council, Impact of New Technology on U.. S Petroleum Industry, Washington: Sage Press, 2000.

Rosettanet Essays - E-commerce, Standards Organizations, RosettaNet

Rosettanet RosettaNets Mission Statement RosettaNet will saddle the worldwide and inescapable reach of the Internet by characterizing - and driving the execution of - open and normal procedures intended to adjust the electronic business interfaces between flexibly chain accomplices, eventually bringing about quantifiable advantages for purchasers and all gracefully chain accomplices. RosettaNet is a productive E-business forms that gives companys dynamic exchanging accomplice connections and new business openings. RosettaNet comprises of 350 of the universes driving Information Technology (IT), Electronic Components (EC), and Semiconductor Manufacturing (SM) organizations attempting to make and execute industry-wide, open E-business process norms. It is additionally a self-supported, non-benefit association. The organization name, RosettaNet, is named after the Rosetta Stone. The stone is cut with a message in three dialects, which prompted the comprehension of hieroglyphics. RosettaNet is impacting the world forever, similar to the stone, by breaking language hindrances. Since RosettaNet is setting up a standard procedure for the electronic sharing of business data; this opens the lines of correspondence and a universe of chances for everybody engaged with the providing and purchasing of todays advancements. Organizations who are embracing RosettaNets gauges hav e decreased costs, brought profitability and connect up in powerful, adaptable exchanging accomplice connections. The end clients who are purchasing from these organizations are getting a charge out of the speed and consistency in buying rehearses. As of late RosettaNet has acquainted their most current standard with the market called Partner Interface Processes (PIP). By PIP giving the models and records to the usage of gauges it has unmistakably characterized business forms between gracefully chain organizations. PIPs are comprised of particular framework to-framework XML-based discoursed. RosettaNet breaks PIPs into six unique gatherings of center business forms. The eight bunches (the gatherings of center business forms) is separated into portions of cross-undertaking forms that include various sorts of gracefully chain organizations. Each PIP incorporates a specialized determination dependent on the RosettaNet Implementation Framework (RNIF), a Message Guideline report with a PIP-explicit rendition of the Business Directory and a XML Message Guideline record. The eight groups are: Group 0: RosettaNet Support Gives regulatory usefulness Group 1: Partner, Product and Service Review Permits data assortment, upkeep and circulation for the advancement of exchanging accomplice profiles and item data memberships Group 2: Product Information Empowers conveyance and intermittent update of item and nitty gritty structure data, including item change notification and item specialized particulars Group 3: Order Management Lets accomplices request list items, make custom arrangements, oversee circulation and conveyances, and bolster item returns and money related exchanges Bunch 4: Inventory Management Empowers stock administration, including joint effort, renewal, value assurance, announcing and portion of compelled item Bunch 5: Marketing Information Management Empowers correspondence of promoting data, including effort plans, lead data and structure enlistment Group 6: Service and Support Gives post-deals specialized help, administration guarantee and resource the board abilities Bunch 7: Manufacturing Empowers the trading of structure, design, procedure, quality and other assembling floor data to help the Virtual Manufacturing condition Business Essays

Role of Media and Islam in Pakistan’s Politics Free Essays

With the finish of the virus war, the drive towards democratization expected focus state. Out of an all out 206 states on the planet, 195 professes to be either popularity based or republican. Disregarding it, the nature and capacity of numerous self expert asserted law based frameworks fail to impress anyone. We will compose a custom article test on Job of Media and Islam in Pakistan’s Politics or then again any comparable theme just for you Request Now This has prompted universal endeavors, drove by the US, to participate in the twin assignment of majority rules system advancement and popular government assurance. India joined the network of the vote based systems in 2000, at the turn of the thousand years, and later turned into an individual from the UN popularity based assets in2005. It has tried to add to the endeavors focused on advancement and fortifying of majority rule government in its own particular manner. The writer of the book under audit, Professor Muni, calls it â€Å"significant shift† in India’s international strategy. As a nearby devotees of India’s international strategy he has attempts to secluded the â€Å"democracy dimension† in India’s international strategy towards its quick neighbors on an individual nation premise more than three particular stages, which makes fascinating readings. Educator Muni has enough understanding as a scholastic and a representative to remark on such a significant issue with incredible consideration and persistence. After a short survey of speculations of majority rules systems and its interface with international strategy, the creator arranges the Indian experience more than three unique stages. He contends during the primary stage (1947-1960s) not long after opportunity from pilgrim rule, India accentuation â€Å"independence and nationalism†. The essential engineer of Indian international strategy, Jawahar Lal Nehru, set out to work of free, helpful and serene Asia. This clarified Nehru’s vociferous contention for incorporation of socialist china in the comity of countries as an autonomous state. He went on to molded his strategy of non arrangement as a fundamental benchmark of India’s international strategy and attempt to avoid the bipolar force legislative issues. His strategies towards neighboring nations showed his preference for vote based systems regardless of the trade offs he made to ensure the vital and monetary interests of India. The creator makes a nitty gritty examination of Nehru’s approach towards Nepal, Sikkim, Bhutan, Myanmar and Pakistan and infers that Nehru’s inclinations for majority rule governments was regularly bested by India’s fundamental security concerns. During the subsequent stage (1960s-2000) the replacements of Nehru, the creator contends, received a sober minded approach void an optimism that denoted the Nehru years. The post 1962 (sino-indian war) years, as Nehru admitted stunned him out of his vision and arranged the reason for unashamed authenticity in Indian international strategy. Educator Muni exhibit through his story of exciting bends in the road of Nepalese governmental issues that Indian bolstered law based minutes in Nepal when its fit its vital advantages unhampered difficulty that portrayed by Nehruvian years. All through, the primary driver of India’s strategy towards neighbors was to keep the district free from antagonistic impacts. The security challenges post by china and Pakistan to a great extent decided the parameters of India’s international strategy since the 1970s. Indeed, even as India advanced as a just country and establishments advancing popularity based qualities took firm roots in the nation, during this stage there was no excitement to proliferate vote based system and energize majority rule powers in the area. By and by, India assumed a significant job in the freedom of East Pakistan in 1971, coordinated Sikkim in 1975 and upheld ousted popularity based powers from Myanmar in 1970s and 1980s. Majority rules system made a difference just when it joined with India’s vital interests. Nonetheless, india decide to diassociate it self from fair powers in the mid 1970s. in Bhutan, india’s favored the lord and disheartened the well known development raised by Bhutanis of Nepales area. It is peaceful and other india constrained the nepaled lord to haggle with the vote based powers in 1988. On account of Myanmar, since the late 1980s, it chose to repair its relationship with the military Junta and disregard the majority rule powers to adjust china’s expanding closeness to Myanmar. The third stage since the beginning of new thousand years as discovered India in the organization of US, looking to advance and secure vote based system around the globe. India has aligned its approach towards its neighbors as needs be. Regardless of its repugnance from the maost of Nepal, it assumed a basic job in the mainstreaming of this gathering and resuscitated the popularity based procedure. In spite of playing an unobtrusive however basic job in Bangladesh’s come back to vote based system in 1990, it has kept up an investigation reserved quality from the crude of Bangladesh legislative issues. As of late a new influx of the popular government cleared the area. The creator has acknowledged India’s discretionary reactions to these changes. There is likewise a concise conversation on India’s endeavors and indo-US coordination during the time spent recreation and democratization in Afghanistan since 9/11. The creator infers that taking into account India’s key interests in Afghanistan, it is basic for India to proceed with its formative work notwithstanding assaults on its residents by paksitan-sponsopred fear based oppressors. In some creator propose that in its direct of international strategy, India ought not aimlessly follow the US at the expense of its vital advantages. The book gives valuable experiences to India’s neighborhood strategy in the course of the most recent six decades. The creator brings to endure his own collaboration many driving entertainers in the two India and Nepal to introduce his investigation of Nepalese governmental issues commandingly. His investigation of different neighbors of India some way or another battles to come that degree of consistence and force. To be offer to the creator, given india’s influence in Nepal and its capacity to impact its legislative issues, Nepal was sure to draw in that much consideration and care. Be that as it may, one thought about whether the creator have concurred some space to India’s response to the flawed idea of Srilankan vote based system with its absence of accentuation on inclusivity and pluralism. Given the danger it presented to the Srilankan commonwealth and profound Indian association during the 1980s, Srilanka merited some consideration in the book. To the end peruser of the book finds the book and the writer holds a solid grasp over the material and issue it contained. The book merit the consideration of international strategy investigators and researchers of global relations in India on the grounds that as of late India has tried to explain its local arrangement likely with accentuation on building a trap of interdependencies the neighbor lastly the book is a decent delineation of India’s international strategy extraordinarily in reference to its persuasions the vote based situation in the external world. Step by step instructions to refer to Role of Media and Islam in Pakistan’s Politics, Papers

Get to Know the ISEE and SSAT A Closer Look (Part 2 of 2)

Previously, we explored the key features of the ISEE and SSAT. Now that you know the basics, we will take a closer look at each test. Armed with this information, you will be able to choose the best test and best test prep plan for your child. The ISEE Private elementary and secondary schools use the Independent School Entrance Exam (ISEE) for admission throughout the United States. The ISEE can be taken three times a year or once per testing window (Fall, Winter, Spring/Summer). It is recommended to take the test in the Fall Season. Since there are no national testing dates, your child can only register for dates offered in the local area, usually at School Test Sites at prospective schools. Students can also take the test in a private or group setting at a Test Office, which is great for younger kids, students with testing anxiety, or for those who are unable to attend due to scheduling issues. Prometric testing sites offer online-based tests. The ISEE is most commonly taken by students applying to middle grades, but it is offered at three levels: Lower (students in grades 4-5 applying to grades 5-6), Middle (students in grades 6-8 applying to grades 7-8), and Upper (students in grades 8-11 applying to grades 9-12). The level of the test your child will take depends on the grade level to which he or she is applying. All students in each testing level will take the same test. A child in the fall of 6th grade applying for admission into 7th grade will take the same Middle Level test as a child in 7th grade applying for admission into 8th grade. So those 6th graders who take the ISEE are going to be challenged a lot because they are taking the same test the 7th graders take. It will be harder for them, but that's okay. Not only will schools compare their scores only with other 6th graders, but tutoring and test prep can give them an extra edge. All levels of the ISEE are scored on a 760-940 point scale. The Lower level test will take 2 hours and 20 minutes to complete while the Middle and Upper level tests both take 2 hours and 40 minutes. Each level of the test includes a Verbal Reasoning, Quantitative Reasoning, Reading Comprehension, Math Achievement, and Essay section. Here is a breakdown of each section of the Middle and Upper Level ISEE: Verbal (40 minutes, 20 questions): Sentence Completion and Synonym questions that assess a student’s vocabulary. Quantitative Reasoning (37 minutes, 25 questions): Word Problems and Quantitative comparison questions that assess a student’s problem-solving and critical thinking skills. Mathematics Achievement (47 minutes, 40 questions): Questions assess a student’s knowledge of math skills, concepts, procedures, and terminology (straightforward but requires more complex operations to solve). Reading (36 minutes, 35 questions): Read passages carefully and analytically in order to assess a student’s critical thinking skills. Essay (30 minutes): Write a well-structured, well-supported, and well-written response to questions, such as "Describe your ideal future career.† (Middle Level) or â€Å"What accomplishment are you most proud of?" (Upper Level). Note: The essay isn't scored, but it is sent to school admission committees to be evaluated as a writing sample. Each question on the ISEE is worth one point, and there are no penalties for wrong answers. Although students should try their best to answer every question, time management is important. There may be some questions you cannot answer and will have to choose your best guess. Students’ raw scores will be translated into a scaled score, percentile rank, and stanine. Percentile rank indicates the percentage of students in the same grade who have scored at or below a student's scaled score on recent administrations of the ISEE. So if your child earns a score in the 71st percentile, she scored the same as or higher than 71 percent of her peers taking the test. Stanine scores simply group percentile rank into nine levels. For example, if a 7th grade student is applying for 8th grade and earns a score in the 59th percentile, he would be assigned a stanine score of 5. A student who scored in the 99th percentile would have a stanine score of 9. Stanines are distributed in a typical bell curve with 54 percent of students ranking in stanines 4-6. Students who are ranked in stanines 1-3 represent 22 percent of students while 23 percent of students rank in stanines 7-9. The SSAT Private elementary, middle, and high schools also use The Secondary School Admissions Test (SSAT) to evaluate applicants. A Standard Administration of the SSAT can be taken on Saturdays eight times throughout the year, but preferably should be taken in November and December. January is also a popular testing date. Students can take the Standard Administration of the SSAT as many times as they want. Flex tests that are administered by consultants and member schools are another option, but a Flex test (an individually scheduled test in a small group setting) can only be taken once. The SSAT is administered at three levels: Elementary (students in grades 3-4 applying to grades 4-5), Middle (students in grades 5-7 applying to grades 6-8), and Upper (students in grades 8-11 applying to grades 9-12). At the Elementary Level, students can earn 300-600 points per section for 900-1800 points total. Students taking the test at the Middle Level can earn 440-710 points per section and 1320-2130 points total whereas students taking the test at the Upper Level can earn 500-800 points per section and 1500-2400 points total. The Elementary Level test features a Quantitative, Verbal, Reading, and Writing section that is taken over 1 hour and 40 minutes. Both the Middle and Upper Level SSAT include a Writing Sample, Quantitative, Reading, Verbal, Quantitative, and Experimental section taken over 3 hours and 5 minutes. Let's look at a more detailed breakdown of the structure of the Middle and Upper Level SSAT: Quantitative (25 questions, 30 minutes): Does not test advanced math skills. Difficulty comes from figuring out what a question is asking and knowing what skills to apply and what steps to follow to solve it. Reading (40 questions, 40 minutes): Students must read passages carefully in order to analyze them. Questions test comprehension and critical thinking, which may be challenging for students who are inexperienced with these skills. Verbal (60 minutes, 30 questions): Synonym and Analogy questions test students' vocabulary. Essay (25 minutes): Students must respond to their choice of either a Creative Prompt (Middle and Upper Level) or Formal Prompt (Upper Level). Creative Prompts asks students to write a narrative piece following a sample opening (e.g. It was the most embarrassing moment of his life.). Formal Prompts are primarily expository (e.g. Explain a hobby you have that makes you special). This essay is not scored but is sent to admission committees as writing sample, so it can still be important. SSAT raw scores are calculated by adding up a student’s number of correct answers and subtracting a quarter of a point for each incorrect answer. Students will not lose points for skipped answers. Raw scores are then translated into scaled scores and percentile rank. The percentile rank is the number that schools care about the most. What this scoring system does is allow students to significantly improve their percentile rank (e.g. move from the 61st percentile to the 77th percentile) by either answering just six more questions correctly or learning how to balance answering four more questions correctly while skipping eight questions. Test prep is a great way for students to learn how to master this strategy. Choosing a Test If you have confirmed with prospective schools that either the ISEE or SSAT can be submitted for the testing requirement, then how do you choose which test is best for your child? Although both ISEE and SSAT are about the same level of difficulty and most students earn comparable scores on them, you should consider the key differences between these two very similar standardized tests when selecting which one your child will take. Students should consider taking the SSAT if they†¦ perform better on shorter tests are anxious about their math skills don’t mind reading poetry passages can cope with more abstract math would like more time to answer math questions Students should consider taking the ISEE if they†¦ find it difficult to apply strategies that would help him or her identify easy/medium/difficult questions or decide when to guess (the SSAT penalizes students for wrong answers) prefer more familiar curriculum-based math questions to abstract math questions can handle taking a slightly longer test like the idea of reading slightly shorter reading passages Ultimately, however, your first step to choosing the perfect test will be to have your child take a practice test of each test. You can use the results of these diagnostic tests, including the scores and your child’s feedback on the features of both tests, to determine what test would be best to focus on in terms of test prep. Test Prep Planning Test prep will give students tools to break down difficult question types and apply their knowledge. For example, students can learn how to use â€Å"clue words† to answer sentence completion questions on the ISEE. Younger students, in particular, can benefit from learning how to identify question topics (e.g. probability) and apply math knowledge. Students can also be coached to cope with new concepts. On the SSAT, for example, the Math section contains advanced math content (e.g. slope of a line) that many 8th graders will not know, but test prep can review these new concepts. The Reading section will ask students to read primary source documents and poetry, which could also be challenging, especially for younger students. Learning active reading strategies and process of elimination can be helpful. Tutoring can even help shore up other skills like vocabulary, math skills, and writing. One of the clearest benefits of tutoring, especially for the SSAT, is teaching students ho w to choose which questions to attempt and which questions to skip to maximize their raw score. At A+ Test Prep and Tutoring, our focus is always on you. Our practices are based on the latest developments in educational theory and research. Our excellent team of tutors can help with standardized testing, executive functioning, or achievement in any other school subject. If you would like more information,Client Service Directors Anne Stanley and Susan Wareatare available to answer questions and provide solutions.Please call us at 215-886-9188.

Swot Analysis for Mi - 1333 Words

microsoft SWOT Analysis: Strengths Loyal, hardworking, and diverse workforce (20% minority, 26% women) who, in addition to good compensation, have an opportunity to do well financially through stock purchases Multinational corporation operating through regional subsidiaries to minimize cultural differences in more than 60 countries Relatively rapid product development processes that allow for timely updating and release of new products Revenues and profits rising at 30% a year with merger/acquisition or investment in 92 companies in a span of five years. Software products have high name recognition, broad-based corporate and consumer acceptance (Word, Excel, PowerPoint, Access), and numerous powerful features that are†¦show more content†¦ssociation operating through bounded subsidiaries to abbreviate cultural differences in added than 60 countries New product, Neptune , is a Window s interface and is an archetype of acute software Relatively accelerated artefact development processes that acquiesce for appropriate afterlight and absolution of new products Revenues and profits ascent at 30% a year with merger/acquisition or investment in 92 companies over accomplished 5 years Software articles accept top name recognition, broad-based accumulated and customer accepting (Word, Excel, PowerPoint, Access), and abundant able appearance that are in use worldwide, thereby announcement acclimation and aggressive advantage through their affluence of affiliation and cost-effectiveness Top appraisement from Fortune for best aggregation to plan at and a lot of admired company Windows 95, 98, 2000 series, and Windows NT are globally accepted as the PC desktop operating arrangement with a bazaar allotment of about 88% World s better software aggregation with all-around name accepting and able acceptability for avant-garde products Weaknesses Between 1990-1995, Microsoft administration bootless to accurately ahead the advance or acceptance of the Internet Bill Gates has become Microsoft s arch software artist but has not yet developed a essentially new band of products Dependency on accouterments manufacturers to pre-install Microsoft s PC operating system Downside of artefact launches and deadlinesShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Mis Technology And The Swot Analysis2193 Words   |  9 Pagesshipments are not transported, and the customer not payment and the business do not appear. 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Management information system is the composition of hardware and software systems within an organizationRead MoreMi Phone Market Strategy Essay example795 Words   |  4 Pages The logo of Xiaomi is â€Å"MI†, which is the abbreviation of Mobile Internet and represents that Xiaomi Tech is a mobile internet corporation. At the end of 2010, Xiaomi Teach launched Phone real-name community Miliao. In the next half year, the registered user of Miliao breaks through 3 million. In addition, Xiaomi tech launches mobile phone operating system MIUI and Android mobile phone MI. Miliao, MIUI and MI are the three key core of Xiaomi Tech. SWOT analysis * Strengths Clear marketRead MoreEnvironmental Analysis : A Company s Name Phone No1443 Words   |  6 PagesEnvironmental analysis Submission details Candidate’s name Phone no. Assessor’s name Phone no. Assessment site Assessment date/s Time/s The Assessment Task is due on the date specified by your assessor. 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Theories Of Growth And Growth Models - 2257 Words

2.2.3 Growth Theories Under the growth theories some theories of growth and growth models will be reviewed; i) The Harrod-Domar Growth Model In economic literature, this model is called capital only model. Harrod and Domar (1948) took over from Rostow, because Rostow had some unanswered questions. The model stated that saving is a certain proportion of national income and net investment is defined as the change in capital stock (K). The model further assumes that there is some direct relationship between the size of the capital stock, (K), and total GNP, (Y). This follows that any addition to the capital stock in the form of new investment will bring about corresponding increase in the flow of national output, GNP. This relationship is known in economics as the capital-output ratio. If the capital-output ratio is defined as k and assume further that the national savings ratio, s, is a fixed proportion of national output (e.g. 6%) and that total new investment is determined by the level of total savings, we can construct the following simple model of economic growth Balami (2006). Savings (S) is some proportion, S, of national income (Y) such that we have the simple equation S = SY †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ (2.1) Net investment (I) is defined as the change in the capital stock, K, and can be represented by ΔK such that I = ΔK †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. (2.2) But because the total capital stock, K, bears a direct relationship to total national income or output, Y, asShow MoreRelatedGrowth Theories Of Growth And Growth Models2256 Words   |  10 PagesGrowth Theories Under the growth theories some theories of growth and growth models will be reviewed; i) The Harrod-Domar Growth Model In economic literature, this model is called capital only model. Harrod and Domar (1948) took over from Rostow, because Rostow had some unanswered questions. The model stated that saving is a certain proportion of national income and net investment is defined as the change in capital stock (K). The model further assumes that there is some direct relationship betweenRead MoreDividend Theory And Growth Model1177 Words   |  5 Pagesvaluation of firm. Besides this, the market where long term investment like share bonds are traded is capital market. In the following paragraphs, i will put my emphasis on both issues the dividend relevance theory along with roles and importance of capital market. Dividend relevance theory and Growth model Overview of dividend policy The term â€Å"dividends† indicates to the distribution of earnings to shareholders, primarily in the form of cash and after a company has distributed dividends to preferred shareholdersRead MoreThe Theory Of Economic Growth Model2281 Words   |  10 Pagesnotice vast differences in average real incomes, countries’ growth records and in standards of living over times that affect living human welfare. Many model mechanisms have been used to study the worldwide growth and income differences across countries. A fundamental model that economist have used to study these issues is the Solow growth model. This essay concentrates on the analysis of this model. Firstly, the derivation of the model will be demonstrated including the needed assumptions. ThenRead MoreEconomic Growth Theories and Models, A section of a Research Paper1524 Words   |  6 PagesLiterature review Classical Theory of Economic Growth Harrod Domar Growth Model The Neoclassical growth Model Empirical literature 2.1 Theoretical Literature The long history of ideas on economic growth started from the classical economists like Adam Smith, Robert Malthus, Ricardo and Marx. For more than three decades the Neoclassical and the Endogenous Growth theories were arguing and forwarding economic reasons on trend of economic growth through investment as a general and private investmentRead MoreA Brief Note On The Growth Theory And The Dual Sector Model Of Economic Development Essay3646 Words   |  15 Pages ENDOGENOUS GROWTH THEORY BY MARTIN RIITHO MAINA KCA 14/02073 A Term Paper submitted to Prof. Joseph Ongeri in fulfilment Of the requirements for the course Advanced Macro-Economics, as credit towards the degree of Master of Science (Finance and Economics) KCA UNIVERSITY November, 2014 â€Æ' TABLE OF CONTENTS Page 1.0 Abstract.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦.†¦..3 1.1 Introduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.........................................4 2.0 Literature review: Models†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Read MoreThe Theory Of Economic Growth Theory1703 Words   |  7 Pagesand there are many models to explain economic growth. In the history of the development of economic growth theories, there are three important stages which are the Classical Growth theory, the Neoclassical Growth theory and the Endogenous Growth theory. To start with, the Classical Growth theory is based on the Keynesian theory and the representative one is the Harrod–Domar model. It was put forward by Roy F. Harrod in 1939 and Domar in 1946. This is the first economic growth model, changing the researchRead MoreThe Long Run Causality Direction Between Financial Markets Development And Economic Growth1716 Words   |  7 PagesThis thesis investigates the long-run causality direction between financial markets development and economic growth in Croatia, Slovenia, Serbia and China for varying time periods using VAR models and Granger Causality methods. It also explores the interrelationships between variables using the Impulse Response Function. Financial industry consists of two main parts; debt and equity (Krugman and Obstfeld, 2009). These are also called debt and equity markets. Credit markets which are primarily consistedRead MoreWhy Are Some Countries Rich While Others Poor?1502 Words   |  7 Pageswhile others poor. This is a question about economic growth. Take Korea for example. Korea had been divided into North and South Korea since 1948. These two countries share nearly the same geography, history and culture. However, the GDP per capita in the South Korea is only 3.22% of the South Korea. Another phenomenon is that the rapid growth had been observed in East Asian in recent years. This is another key economic issue: whether the growth rate of poor economics are higher than developed onesRead MoreNeo Classical Model1134 Words   |  5 Pag esNeo classical theory: An economic theory that outlines how a steady economic growth rate  will be accomplished with the proper amounts of the three driving forces: labor, capital and technology.  The theory states that by varying the amounts of labor and capital in the production function, an equilibrium state can be accomplished. When a new technology becomes available, the labor and capital need to be adjusted to maintain growth equilibrium. This theory emphasizes that technology changeRead MoreThe Neo-Malthusian Population theory assumes that poor nations will never be able to rise much above subsistence levels unless they engage in preventive population checks, if not positive checks.1445 Words   |  6 Pagesstated the Neo-Malthusian population theory claims that poor nations are stuck in a cycle of poverty which they cant get out of unless some sort of preventative measures of population checks are engaged. The Malthusian model was developed two centuries ago by a man named Thomas Malthus. Malthuss model is based upon a relationship between both population growth as well as economic development. Empirical studies now-a-days show that the population theory model is quite flawed because of many factors

Chiquita Banana Overview Essay Example For Students

Chiquita Banana Overview Essay Chiquita Brands International. Inc. is one of the most of import international sellers and distributers of nutrient merchandises derived from bananas. every bit good as other fruits and healthy bite merchandises. Chiquita Banana grosss for about $ 3 billion dollars a twelvemonth and employs more than 21. 000 people and operates in approximately 70 states worldwide. Chiquita Banana together with Dole. Del Monte and Fyffes control about 80 % of the planetary banana market. In 1993 the EU created the Common Organization of the Market in Bananas ( COMB ) to cover with the rough competition between these companies. They would let responsibility free entree to the EU but capable to quotas to bananas from the Africa’s. Caribbean and Pacific. while bananas from Latin America were capable to an import revenue enhancement of 176 Euros per ton and a quota of 2533 t. As an American company we have decided to take advantage of the new pact curtailing Latin American and ACP states from expo rting bananas to the EU. It will non be an easy undertaking because we still have to vie against European banana manufacturers. but we are an established company and we are determined to profit from this event and addition market portion in the European Union. PESTEL analysis for the European Union POLITICAL:†¢The European Union is composed of 28 member provinces.†¢The EU has created a individual market by standardising Torahs within the member provinces.†¢Some of the aims of making this brotherhood is to make a better flow on the circulation of goods. capital. people and services within the brotherhood. Once a good or service is accepted within the brotherhood it is protected from imposts. revenue enhancements and import quotas every bit long as they remain within the brotherhood.†¢Free motion of capital is intended to let investing of belongingss between states. something that could assist banana agriculturists since they can look for more fertile land in neighbouring states.†¢The pecuniary policy is the Eurozone and is governed by the European Central Bank. ECONOMIC:†¢The European Union’s GDP is ranked as figure one in the universe accounting for $ 16. 58 trillion dollars.†¢Export goods account for $ 1. 687 trillion. some of the chief export spouses of the European brotherhood are: oUS 17. 3 % China 8. 5 %Switzerland 7. 9 %Russia 7. 3 %Turkey 4. 5 %†¢Food. drinks and baccy history for 5. 9 %†¢Import of goods account for $ 2. 302 trillion dollars and the chief import spouses are:China 16. 2 %Russia 11. 9 %US 11. 5 %Switzerland 5. 8 %Norway 5. 6 %†¢Food. drinks and baccy history for 5. 2 % of import goods.†¢The service sector is the most of import one in the EU doing up 69 % of the GDP followed by the fabrication industry with 28. 4 % GDP and agribusiness for merely 2. 3 % of GDP†¢The agricultural sector is supported by subsidies from the EU and presently represents 40-50 % of the EU’s entire disbursement. Sociocultural Factors:†¢There is limited informations on European children’s fruit consumption. but the information shows that the mean fruit consumption is about 141 g per twenty-four hours. Fruit consumption is highest in Austria and Portugal and is the lowest in Iceland and Spain.†¢Girls and adult females consume more fruits and veggies and male childs and work forces do. there is no simple account to this but it’s believed to be because adult females in general are more concerned about their weight and maintaining a slender fit figure.†¢Children tend to eat less fruit as they age. but it’s the exact opposite with grownups. Intake degrees addition with age. perchance because income and cognition additions and one becomes more cognizant of the benefits of good feeding wonts. †¢Men once they are married have an addition in fruit consumption. Women seem to hold an impact on their husband’s fruit consumption every bit good as the assortm ent of fruits eaten. Womans tend to manage ‘health-related’ issues more normally than work forces so they tend to purchase and cook more nutrient than work forces.†¢Children’s fruit consumption degrees straight correlate with how much their parents devour. But force per unit area to eat fruit does non positively affect children’s intake. but it is enhanced when parents are good role-models and promote them to eat fruits and veggies.†¢People with self-efficacy inclinations have a higher fruit consumption in grownups. besides people with a high self-esteem tend to eat more fruits and veggies because they take their wellness into history. TECHNOLOGICAL: †¢The EU is funding a undertaking for pesticide free fruits and veggies by taking the menace of fruit flies. Helping husbandmans meet customers’ demands for safe fruits while being environmentally witting. oThe undertaking make-believe to utilize an insect attractant to pull insects and pathogens such as: infective microorganisms. virus. fungus that cause diseases in fungus. oThis attractant will be applied in the signifier of an insect trap near plantations to take bugs off from plantations. this will be a durable and biodegradable baiting station. †¢Europe is going more witting about keeping a cleansing agent environment. the EU is committed to supplying a better hereafter for the following coevalss. So they specialize on clean energy. from turbines in Germany to solar panels in Spain. and states across the EU are utilizing natural resources of sustainable energy conveying investing to concerns and citizens. LEGAL:†¢With the birth of the Single European Market in 1993 the Common Market Organization for Bananas was put into consequence ( COMB ) . COMB is concerned on the importing. sale and distribution of bananas. †¢A policy was set in gesture leting EU providers to export responsibility free bananas to all EU provinces. Besides quotas were set for African. Caribbean and Pacific states ( ACP ) enforcing import licences for a fixed rate of volume of bananas. and limited imports through overly high duties. oA quota of 857. 000 dozenss for responsibility free entree from ACP states †¢Three types of licences were issued in order to modulate this quota to ACP states †¢Third states that were non considered in the quota are capable to a duty of Ecu 850 per ton. †¢In order to forestall any loss of income by EU banana manufacturers a compensation of payments for 850. 000 dozenss were granted in instance the monetary values fell below the production costs. ENVIRONMENTAL: †¢Flat-free H2O coursers are common in some states in Europe. This does non promote efficient behaviour to families and agribusiness harmonizing to a study from the European Environment Agency ( EEA ) . †¢The EEA is sing H2O pricing in the undermentioned states: Croatia. England and Waless. France. Germany. Netherlands. Scotland. Serbia. Slovenia and Spain. †¢In most states. husbandmans are allowed to utilize as much H2O as they want for a level rate. By bear downing the sum of H2O used in Europe it prognosticated to cut down on H2O used by agribusiness for about 10 – 20 % . This will force husbandmans to non merely cut down on their H2O ingestion but to put on better irrigation system every bit good as repairing H2O leaks. †¢The general population in the European Union seem to back up this gesture to cut down H2O overexploitation. about 84 % of the population agree with this rule. Paper Persuasive EssayEven though spirit and consistence remain virtually integral. this ocean trip shortens the shelf life to be 7-10 yearss. Portugal would be a strategic point for the company’s internationalisation scheme. A logistics platform could be set up in Porto. a northern metropolis in Portugal. this manner we can kill two birds with one stone. We re-fuel the ships and acquire them cook for their journey to Sweden ( our top precedence in footings of distribution ) and unload some containers to administer Portugal’s banana demand. Aside from Portugal the states with the highest ingestion of bananas per capita is in Northern Europe. so another logistic platform would be convenient as a concluding halt before the concluding finish in each state. Le Havre. France would be a convenient location since it is south of the UK and it is cheaper to hold a distribution centre at that place because the euro is non every bit strong as the sterling lb. Once we have our lo gistics platform set up in Le Havre we can do adjustments and understandings with companies and retail merchants that handle fruits and veggies belonging to the states that have the highest banana ingestion. We would present to the undermentioned terminus or ports: †¢Gothenburg. Sweden†¢Brighton. United kingdom†¢Skagen. Denmark†¢Finland is a little more unaccessible through the Baltic Sea. so we would transport Finland’s required bananas to Gothenburg. Sweden every bit good. From Sweden we could work another logistic path to acquire to Finland by truck.†¢Porto. Portugal †¢Le Havre. FranceOpportunity:Iceland is Europe’s top manufacturer of bananas with their universe of the art nursery installings. even though they rely on their engineering they have to invariably supervise their merchandises and make the proper environment for the bananas. This is where Chiquita banana has an chance since they don’t have to worry about making the right conditions for banana growing. the company looks for a convenient location for banana growing and workss the fruit. This enables the company to worry entirely on cropping and transportation. Another advantage that the company has over the biggest European banana manufacturer is that. Chiquita banana can get bananas in monolithic measures while Iceland’s manufacturers have to make the environment to turn more bananas. This is unless the COMB sets a tighter quota. IncotermAn incoterm is a made up word composed of three words. ‘in’ means international. ‘co’ commercialism and ‘term’ agencies term. Incoterms are used to depict the type of relationship between purchaser and provider and they type of contract they use to present and have a merchandise. POSSIBLE INCOTERMS FOR THE COMPANY As a marketer the most optimum incoterm for the company would be to hold with the purchaser of working with ‘Ex Works’ since the purchaser would hold to presume the transit costs and the hazards of brining the goods to their shops. I believe this to be really one sided and non efficient. since in order to maximise net incomes a concern trade has to be long-run. Sooner or subsequently one of the viing trade names could offer our purchasers a better understanding and we would be out of concern. so I would name this a ‘lose-lose situation’ . Another option would be the exact antonym from ‘Ex works’ where the marketer mantains most of the duties and disbursals while there is minimal for the buyere. This would be a DDP. here the â€Å"seller is responsible for presenting the goods to the named topographic point in the state of the purchaser. and pas all costs in conveying the goods to the finish including import responsibilities and revenue enhancem ents. Seller is non responsible for droping. † this is besides really one sided. My belief is that if we are traveling to hold a long lasting relationship with our concern spouse we have to compromise. and here we would be taking all most of the bourden of the concern trade. Solution As already stated earlier. in order to make a long lasting relationship with our concern spouses and maximise net incomes we have to compromize. Chiquita Banana is seeking to derive marketshare in Europe. so the best thing we can make with our concern spouses is to portion the transit load and costs. Deliverd at Terminal ( DAT ) incoterm would be the best feasible solution for Chiquita and our purchasers. We can assure to present the merchandise fresh. safe and sound to the undermentioned metropolis ports: Gothenburg. Brighton. Skagen. Porto and Le Havre. We can accept all costs and hazards ( except for import clearance costs ) and from each terminus they can direct the bananas to their several distribution centres or straight to the retail merchants. That is up to our concern spouses to make up ones mind. It is safe to state that we are taking most of the costs. since it is expensive to traverse the Atlantic with ships and keep the fruit at a certain temperature to maintain it fresh . But in order to hold our purchasers support. we have to travel the excess stat mi. This scheme at the same clip will rush up the procedure of internationalisation and market portion addition for Chiquita Banana. Plants Cited â€Å"European Union. † Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation. 20 Oct. 2013. Web. 20 Oct. 2013 â€Å"Economy of the European Union. † Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation. 18Oct. 2013. Web. 20 Oct. 2013 â€Å"Economy of the European Union. † Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation. 18 Oct. 2013. Web. 20 Oct. 2013. â€Å"Intelligent Approaches to Achieving Pesticide-free Produce. † N. p. . n. d. Web. 20 Oct. 2013. â€Å"CHAPTER 3 BANANA IMPORTING COUNTRIES AND TRADE POLICIES. † The World Banana Economy. 1985-2002. N. p. . n. d. Web. 20 Oct. 2013. â€Å"Water: Charging Full Cost Can Promote More Efficient Use. † — . N. p. . n. d. Web. 20 Oct. 2013. â€Å"Chiquita. com – Chiquita Organic Bananas: Organic Food. † Chiquita. com – Chiquita Organic Bananas: Organic Food. N. p. . n. d. Web. 20 Oct. 2013. â€Å"Europe Largest Banana Importer Worldwide. † Europe Largest Banana Importer Worldwide. N. p. . n. d. Web. 20 Oct. 2013. â€Å"Chiquita. com – Social Responsibility Is How We Conduct Business. † Chiquita. com – Social Responsibility Is How We Conduct Business. N. p. . n. d. Web. 20 Oct. 2013. â€Å"Chiquita Banana Gross saless Remain Weak in Europe. † Chiquita Banana Gross saless Remain Weak in Europe. N. p. . n. d. Web. 20 Oct. 2013 â€Å"Chiquita Brands International. † Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation. 20 Oct. 2013. Web. 20 Oct. 2013. â€Å"Banana. † Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation. 20 Oct. 2013. Web. 20 Oct. 2013. â€Å"Martin Stott. † Iceland: Europe’s Biggest Producer of Bananas. N. p. . n. d. Web. 20 Oct. 2013. â€Å"Economy of the European Union. † Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation. 18 Oct. 2013. Web. 20 Oct. 2013.